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Granite
Granite is the best-known igneous rock. Many people recognize granite because it is the most common igneous rock found at Earth's surface and because granite is used to make many objects that we encounter in daily life. These include counter tops, floor tiles, paving stone, curbing, stair treads, building veneer, and cemetery monuments. Granite needs to be sealed to avoid staining and absorption of liquids since it is a porous stone.
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms when limestone is subjected to the heat and pressure of metamorphism. Under the conditions of metamorphism, the calcite in the limestone recrystallizes to form a rock that is a mass of interlocking calcite crystals. Since marble is made mostly of calcite, it is not as hard as granite and it is more porous. Marble is not recommended for kitchens because it is more prone to staining.
Quartzite
Quartzite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock composed almost entirely of quartz. The interlocking crystalline structure of quartzite makes it a hard, tough, durable rock. It is so tough that it breaks through the quartz grains rather than breaking along the boundaries between them. This is a characteristic that separates true quartzite from sandstone. It is more resistant to most chemicals and environmental conditions.
Quartz
Quartz countertops are man-made engineered stone countertops formed by combining 90% ground quartz (a natural hard mineral) with 8-10% resins, polymers, and pigments. This forms a very hard granite-like surface. Extremely hard and durable; glossy sheen; non-porous and stain-and-crack resistant; does not require sealing or resealing; wide range of colors; easy to clean with mild soap, water, and a soft cloth. Since quartz contains chemicals in its composition, it does not tolerate heat well. Therefore, it may not be used for outdoor countertops and no hot items should be placed on them.
Type of Stone Heat resistance Do I need to seal it? Can it Stain? Formed Naturally
Granite Yes Yes Yes Yes
Marble Yes Yes Yes Yes
Quartzite Yes Yes Yes (less likely) Yes
Quartz (Man-made) No No Yes (very rarely) No
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